![]() Halogenated solvents possess a higher density than non-halogenated solvents.Ģ. Superscript indicates the temperature it was recorded.ġ. The solubility is given in g of solute in 100 g water. UV Cutoff = lower limit for the measurement in the UV-Vis spectrum Fiche toxicologique n° 113, 8pp.Partition coefficient of unionized compound betweenĮ o = eluotropic strength (solvent strength parameter) ![]() Institut national de recherche et de sécurité.National Center For Environmental Research. Nanostructured Microemulsions as Alternative Solvents to VOCs in Cleaning Technologies and Vegetable Oil Extraction. ^ Anuradee Witthayapanyanon and Linh Do.Environmental Protection Agency issued regulations on the control of emissions of hexane gas due to its potential carcinogenic properties and environmental concerns. In the latter part of the 20th and early part of the 21st centuries, a number of explosions have been attributed to the combustion of hexane gas. In 1994, n-hexane was included in the list of chemicals on the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI). The effects of hexane poisoning in humans are uncertain. It is believed that this reacts with the amino group of the side chain of lysine residues in proteins, causing cross-linking and a loss of protein function. The toxicity is not due to hexane itself but to one of its metabolites, hexane-2,5-dione. They are associated with a degeneration of the peripheral nervous system (and eventually the central nervous system), starting with the distal portions of the longer and wider nerve axons. Similar symptoms are observed in animal models. In severe cases, atrophy of the skeletal muscles is observed, along with a loss of coordination and problems of vision. The initial symptoms are tingling and cramps in the arms and legs, followed by general muscular weakness. Inhalation of high concentrations produces first a state of mild euphoria, followed by somnolence with headaches and nausea.Ĭhronic intoxication from hexane has been observed in recreational solvent abusers and in workers in the shoe manufacturing, furniture restoration and automobile construction industries. The acute toxicity of hexane is relatively low, although it is a mild anesthetic. The industrial product (usually around 50% by weight of the straight-chain isomer) is the fraction boiling at 65–70 ° C. The exact composition of the fraction depends largely on the source of the oil (crude or reformed) and the constraints of the refining. Hexane is produced by the refining of crude oil. 2,2-Dimethylbutane, CH 3C(CH 3) 2CH 2CH 3, a four-carbon chain with two methyl branches on the second.2,3-Dimethylbutane, CH 3CH(CH 3)CH(CH 3)CH 3, a four-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the second and third.3-Methylpentane, CH 3CH 2CH(CH 3)CH 2CH 3, a five-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the third.2-Methylpentane (Isohexane), CH 3CH(CH 3)CH 2CH 2CH 3, a five-carbon chain with one methyl branch on the second.Hexane, CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 3, a straight chain of six carbon atoms.Additionally, it is used in solvents to extract oils for cooking and as a cleansing agent for shoe, furniture and textile manufacturing. They are also common constituents of gasoline and glues used for shoes, leather products and roofing. Hexane isomers are largely unreactive, and are frequently used as an inert solvent in organic reactions because they are very non-polar. The "hex" prefix refers to its six carbons, while the "ane" ending indicates that its carbons are connected by single bonds. Hexane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH 3(CH 2) 4CH 3. (S2), S9, S16, S29, S33, S36/37, S61, S62Įxcept where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 ☌, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references
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